The co-official languages
- Catalan: Catalonia and the Balearic Islands. In the Valencian Community it is called Valencian. It is the main language of state schools in Catalonia.
- Basque (Euskara): Basque Country and northern Navarre. Unrelated to any other European language.
- Galician: Galicia; close to Portuguese.
- Aranese (a form of Occitan) is official in the Val d’Aran.
Learning Spanish cheaply
- Escuelas Oficiales de Idiomas (EOI): state language schools with low fees. Places are limited and allocated each summer.
- Town hall and NGO classes for newcomers, often free.
- Language exchanges (intercambios) in bars and community centres.
- University courses in Salamanca, Granada, Valencia and elsewhere.
Exams
- DELE: the official Spanish language diploma from the Instituto Cervantes. A2 is required for citizenship.
- CCSE: a test on Spanish constitution and culture, also required for citizenship.
